Step by step :
1. First, login first to your blog
2. Go to Tab "Pages", then click "New Page"
3. Fill the name of "Page" , in example is "Home Page", then choose "Publish"
4. The new page with name "Home Page" successfully created.
5. Next, go to Tab "Settings > Search Preferences" and click "Edit" in "Custom Redirects"
6. Fill then "From" with "/"
and "To" with "/p/home.html" ( fill as name of your home page file )
and choose "Permanent" as "Yes"
then click "Save"
7. Next, go to Tab "Layout" and choose "Add a Gadget" then choose "Pages"
8. Try to type your blog again, then will display the default home page as you want.
Source :
http://www.bloggertipspro.com/2012/06/creating-blogger-static-home-page.html